Pakistan Nuclear Program Explained By Abubakar Irfan...

 

NUCLEAR PROGRAM

 

Nuclear program is defined as the techniques and methods used to obtain energy from the nuclear reactions such as fission and fusion reactions. These reactions are highly exothermic and release enormous quantities of energy. For example, when a larger atom such as Uranium is split into smaller particles, the energy stored within the Uranium nuclei is released in the form of heat. This heat is then used to boil water which is ultimately used to generate energy or electricity.

 

PAKISTAN’S NUCLEAR ERA

 

Pakistan Nuclear Era refers to the time of early 1970’s during the tenure or Prime Minister Mr. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto.

 

BACKGROUND OF PAKISTAN’S NUCLEAR PROGRAM

 

In 1967 during the tenure of President Ayub Khan and two years after the 1965 Indo-Pak war India launched its nuclear program. Later after 1971 Indo-Pak war and the separation of East Pakistan, the nuclear power of India was a great threat to Pakistan and other South Asian countries. The situation demanded an early launch of the nuclear program to resist the Political monopoly of India over the South Asian region.

 

PAKISTAN’S NUCLEAR PROGRAM

 

On January 20th, 1972 Pakistani Prime Minister Mr. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto launched the Pakistan Nuclear Program. A pact was signed between Pakistan and France for the settlement of Atomic powerplant in Pakistan. Dr Abdul-Salam was appointed as the head of Pakistan’s Nuclear Program.

 

DR ABDUL QADEER KHAN’S INVOLVEMENT

 

In the early 1970’s Dr Abdul Qadeer was working URENCO in Holland which was a combined atomic research program of Germany, Britain, and Netherland. In 1972 he joined the project and three years later in 1975 Dr AQ Khan came back to Pakistan and on 31st July, 1976 started his own nuclear research program in Kahuta, Pakistan. During URENCO program AQ Khan gained complete knowledge regarding the formation of an atomic bomb. During this time period in December, 1974 AQ Khan came to Pakistan and had a joint meeting with Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and President Mr. Fazal Elahi Chaudhry. The working head of the program Dr Abdul-Salam was replaced by Dr AQ Khan and he was appointed as the new head of Pakistan Nuclear Program.

 

INDIAN ATOMIC BOMBING

 

Two years after the launch of Pakistan Nuclear Program On 18 May 1974 India did its first atomic bombing at Pokhran testing range. These blasts were part of “Operation Smiling Buddha” and Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi attended the atomic blasts test.

 

FRENCH AGREEMENT AND ITS TERMINATION

 

In March 1976, Pakistan and France signed an agreement for the establishment of Nuclear plant in Pakistan but this pact could not act properly and due to involvement of United States and other countries, France was being pressurized to terminate the pact and ultimately this agreement was terminated without any result.

 

ATOMIC BOMBINGS IN INDIA (1998)

 

India conducted five nuclear tests of advanced weapon designs on 11 and 13 May 1998 at the Pokhran range in Rajasthan Desert. The first three detonations took place simultaneously at 15:45 h. IST on 11 May.

 

ATOMIC BOMBINGS IN PAKISTAN

 

14 (2 weeks) after the atomic bombings of India on 28th               May, 1998 Pakistan conducted 5 atomic blasts at Chaghi (Balochistan). The Pakistan's Chaghi-I nuclear test series was a single nuclear test conducted in 1998. These five devices constitute a single salvo test under the definition of "test" in List of nuclear weapons tests. Boosted fission device. Notice debris from light rock band slumped downhill from shaking.

 

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