Critical Thinking With Raqim...

  WEDDINGS AND ECONOMY   Weddings themselves do not inherently destroy economies, but they can have both positive and negative economic effects depending on various factors. While weddings can stimulate certain sectors of the economy, such as the wedding industry, they can also impose financial burdens on individuals and contribute to economic inequality.   WEDDING INDUSTRY   Weddings often involve numerous services and products, such as venues, catering, photography, clothing, decorations, and more. This creates business opportunities and generates revenue for these sectors, providing employment and income for many people. Thus, weddings can contribute positively to the local economy.   CONSUMER SPENDING   Weddings often entail significant expenses, including wedding-related purchases and guest expenditures. While this spending can boost certain businesses, it can also strain the budgets of individuals and families. Excessive spending o...

  RACIALISM (INTRODUCTION)   Racialism is a term that can have different meanings depending on the context. It is sometimes used interchangeably with the term "racism," but it can also refer to a different concept.   In its most common usage, racialism is synonymous with racism, which is the belief that some races are inherently superior or inferior to others, and that these differences justify discrimination or unequal treatment based on race. This understanding of racialism is based on the idea that race is a significant determinant of human traits, abilities, and characteristics.   However, in some academic and intellectual discussions, racialism is used to describe a belief in the existence of distinct human races and their biological or genetic differences. This perspective suggests that races can be categorized based on physical features and genetic markers, and that these differences lead to variations in traits, behavior, and intelligence among di...

PAKISTAN ECONOMY (INTRODUCTION)   Pakistan's economy is a diverse and developing one, situated in South Asia. With a population of over 225 million people, it is the world's fifth most populous country. Pakistan's economy has seen periods of growth and challenges throughout its history, and it is classified as a lower-middle-income country by the World Bank.   The economy of Pakistan is considered a mixed economy, with elements of both public and private sectors playing significant roles. Agriculture, industry, and services are the key sectors driving the country's economic growth. Agriculture contributes to a significant portion of the GDP, employing a large portion of the workforce and serving as a source of livelihood for many rural communities. Major crops include cotton, wheat, rice, and sugarcane.   The industrial sector in Pakistan comprises manufacturing, mining, construction, and energy production. Textiles, garments, chemicals, automobiles, and foo...

  INTRODUCTION TO DR. AAFIA SIDDIQUI   Dr. Aafia Siddiqui is a Pakistani national who is serving an 86-year sentence at the Federal Medical Center, Carswell in Fort Worth, Texas, United States for attempted murder and other felonies. Siddiqui was born in Pakistan to a Sunni Muslim family. Aafia was born in 1972 (Age 51 years).   AAFIA SIDDIQUI’S CASE (BACKGROUND)   Dr. Aafia (neuroscientist by profession) and his ex-husband Dr. Amjad lived in America in late 1990s and early 2000s. In 2003, during the global war on terror, Dr. Siddiqui and her three children disappeared in Pakistan. It was alleged that she was abducted by Pakistani intelligence agencies and subsequently handed over to the United States. However, the Pakistani government denies any involvement in her disappearance. In July 2008, Dr. Siddiqui was arrested by Afghan authorities in Ghazni, Afghanistan. According to the U.S. government, when she was detained, she was found in possession of do...

  CURRENCY EXHANGE RATES   The Exchange rates between two or more currencies varies from country to country due to the implementation of different policies and in accordance with the country’s constitution. In general, there are three types of currency exchange rates in the world. These types are: ·        Fixed Exchange Rate. ·        Floating Exchange Rate. ·        Managed Exchanged Rate.   FIXED EXCHANGE RATE   The fixed exchange rate system gives the Government to decide the exchange rates of the country’s currency. Simply, A fixed exchange rate, often called a pegged exchange rate, is a type of exchange rate regime in which a currency's value is fixed or pegged by a monetary authority against the value of another currency, a basket of other currencies, or another measure of value, such as gold. For example, Kuwait uses fixed exchange rate for its currency...

  NUCLEAR PROGRAM   Nuclear program is defined as the techniques and methods used to obtain energy from the nuclear reactions such as fission and fusion reactions. These reactions are highly exothermic and release enormous quantities of energy. For example, when a larger atom such as Uranium is split into smaller particles, the energy stored within the Uranium nuclei is released in the form of heat. This heat is then used to boil water which is ultimately used to generate energy or electricity.   PAKISTAN’S NUCLEAR ERA   Pakistan Nuclear Era refers to the time of early 1970’s during the tenure or Prime Minister Mr. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto.   BACKGROUND OF PAKISTAN’S NUCLEAR PROGRAM   In 1967 during the tenure of President Ayub Khan and two years after the 1965 Indo-Pak war India launched its nuclear program. Later after 1971 Indo-Pak war and the separation of East Pakistan, the nuclear power of India was a great threat to Pakistan and other ...